
Quick Facts
- A great option for first-time owners, especially with consistent training and socialization.
- Intelligent and eager to please, making them easy to train with positive methods.
- Moderate energy, enjoying regular walks and playtime to stay happy.
- Small-sized with a compact, manageable build.
- Minimal drooling, keeping things neat and tidy.
- Moderate grooming needs; regular brushing keeps their coat healthy.
- Not hypoallergenic but sheds very little.
- Occasionally barks to alert or during play but isn’t overly noisy.
- Naturally watchful and makes a dependable little watchdog.
- Generally gets along well with other pets when socialized early.
- Good with kids but needs supervision due to their small size and sensitivity.
History and Origin
Origins: From Street Dog to Royal Companion
The Brussels Griffon’s story begins in the streets of Brussels, Belgium, in the early 19th century. Far from the lapdog it is known as today, this breed started as a humble rat-catcher. In Brussels, small, wiry-haired terriers—known locally as “Griffons d’Ecurie” (Stable Griffons)—were bred by cab drivers to keep their stables free of rats. These scrappy little dogs were tough, determined, and fearless in their pursuit of rodents.
So, how did this hardworking terrier evolve into the refined, toy-like Brussels Griffon we know today? The transformation came through selective breeding. By the mid-19th century, breeders crossed the local stable dogs with Pugs, King Charles Spaniels, and possibly Affenpinschers. This mix produced a smaller, more refined dog with a distinctive flat face, smooth or wiry coat, and a charming yet self-important personality that remains a hallmark of the breed.
The breed’s rise to prominence began in the late 1800s, when Queen Marie Henriette of Belgium, wife of King Leopold II, became an admirer of the Brussels Griffon. Her fondness for the breed helped elevate it from its working-class roots to a companion for the elite. Soon, these quirky little dogs found their way into aristocratic homes across Europe.
The Brussels Griffon’s Role in Society: A Dog with Personality
While their rat-hunting days are mostly behind them, Brussels Griffons continue to charm people with their larger-than-life personality. With wide-set, human-like eyes and an expressive face, Griffons are often described as having an emotional intelligence unmatched in the dog world.
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Loyal Companions: Brussels Griffons thrive on human companionship. Unlike some toy breeds that can be aloof, Griffons love being involved in everything you do. Known as “Velcro dogs,” they are happiest sticking close to their owners. While not overly energetic, they enjoy playful moments and will eagerly join in games or adventures.
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Celebrity Appeal: Their unique looks and quirky personalities have captured attention far beyond Belgium. Perhaps the most famous Brussels Griffon is Jill the Dog, the dog from the movie As Good as It Gets. Griffons have also appeared in TV shows, commercials, and are often spotted as Instagram stars.
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Big Attitude in a Small Package: Despite their small size, Brussels Griffons are confident and sometimes even bossy. They have a natural dignity that makes them seem larger than life, and they won’t hesitate to “talk back” if they feel ignored.
Recognition and Popularity: From Belgium to the World
Although initially popular in Belgium and neighboring countries, Brussels Griffons took time to gain recognition elsewhere. In the United States, the American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the breed in 1910, placing it in the Toy Group. Today, the breed enjoys modest popularity and is still considered somewhat rare.
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Global Recognition: The Brussels Griffon is recognized by major kennel clubs, including the United Kennel Club (UKC) and the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI). While the breed’s popularity surged during the early 20th century, particularly in England and the U.S., it has remained a favorite among enthusiasts who appreciate its distinctive look and charming personality.
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Popularity Rankings: Though not common, Brussels Griffons have a devoted following. In 2023-2024, they ranked 92th in popularity out of nearly 200 breeds. While you might not see them often at the local dog park, those who know the breed treasure its unique personality and expressive charm.

Fun Facts About the Brussels Griffon
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Expression Queens and Kings: The Brussels Griffon is known for its almost human-like expressions. Their wide-set eyes, short snout, and expressive eyebrows give them a look of perpetual surprise—or judgment, depending on their mood. It’s this unique face that has earned them roles in TV shows and movies where a quirky, intelligent dog is needed.
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Multiple Looks in One Breed: Brussels Griffons come in two coat types: rough and smooth. The rough coat is dense and wiry, while the smooth coat is short and sleek. Interestingly, the smooth-coated variety is often called a “Petit Brabançon”, which is technically a separate type but under the same breed umbrella.
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Hypoallergenic Qualities: The Brussels Griffon’s rough coat is relatively low-shedding, which means they are often considered a good option for people with allergies. However, their coat requires regular grooming, especially for the rough-coated variety, to prevent matting and maintain its distinctive texture.
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World War Survivor: The Brussels Griffon population took a hit during World War I and World War II, when many European breeds saw a dramatic decline. However, thanks to breeders in the United States and England, the breed survived and eventually rebounded, maintaining its popularity among dog enthusiasts.
Myths and Misconceptions
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Just a Lap Dog: While Brussels Griffons love to snuggle, they’re not just lap dogs. They’re known for having bursts of energy and playfulness, often zipping around the house or engaging in games. They’re as likely to demand a round of fetch as they are to settle into your lap for a snooze.
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Fragile and Delicate: Though they’re small, Brussels Griffons are surprisingly sturdy for their size. They’re not as delicate as some other toy breeds and can keep up with an active household, provided they don’t overexert themselves.
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Difficult to Train: Some people believe that because Brussels Griffons are independent-minded and sometimes stubborn, they’re difficult to train. However, they are intelligent dogs who can excel in training with positive reinforcement and consistency. They often thrive in agility, obedience, and even trick training when given proper motivation.
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Too Aloof for Children: Though Brussels Griffons may have an air of self-importance, they can get along well with children—especially if raised with them. Their playful side makes them good companions for older children who understand how to handle a small dog.
Conclusion: A Big Dog in a Little Package
The Brussels Griffon is a breed that defies expectations. With their rat-hunting roots and royal connections, they’re as multifaceted as they are charming. Whether you’re drawn to their expressive faces, their loyal personalities, or their quirky sense of humor, it’s easy to see why this small but mighty breed has won over hearts across the world. They may be petite, but in the world of dog breeds, the Brussels Griffon is living proof that good things really do come in small, adorable packages.