Bluetick Coonhound

Ultimate Dog Wiki

The Bluetick Coonhound is a breed that embodies the spirit of the American South—loyal, hardworking, and just a little bit rebellious. Known for their distinctive blue-ticked coat and melodious bay, these dogs are as striking in appearance as they are in personality. Originally bred for hunting raccoons, the Bluetick is a tenacious and determined tracker, but at home, they’re affectionate, friendly, and always ready for a cuddle.

Lifespawn

Approximately 11 to 12 years.

Weight

Males: 55 to 80 pounds (25 to 36 kg); Females: 45 to 65 pounds (20 to 29 kg).

Height

Males: 22 to 27 inches (56 to 69 cm); Females: 21 to 25 inches (53 to 64 cm)

Colours

Dark blue mottled with black spots and tan markings.

Size

Medium to large.

Breed Group

Hound Group.

Quick Facts

  • Suitable for experienced owners;
  • Intelligent but can be stubborn;
  • High energy; requires regular, vigorous exercise to maintain physical and mental health.
  • Moderate drooling; may drool, especially after eating or drinking.
  • Low; regular brushing to maintain coat health and manage shedding.
  • Not hypoallergenic; sheds moderately.
  • High; known for a distinctive “bawl” or howl, especially when on a scent.
  • Friendly and outgoing; not typically used as a guard dog.
  • Generally good with other dogs; may require supervision with smaller animals due to hunting instincts.
  • Good with children; supervision recommended due to energy levels and size.

History and Origin

The Bluetick Coonhound’s story begins with colonial American hunters who required specialized dogs to navigate the unique terrain and conditions of the American South. These hunters brought various European hunting dogs, particularly the French Grand Bleu de Gascogne (a blue-ticked scenthound) and English Foxhounds, which laid the foundation for developing the Bluetick Coonhound.

In the late 1700s and early 1800s, American hunters, especially in Tennessee, Louisiana, and other Southern states, began selectively breeding these imported dogs to create a hound suited for hunting raccoons and other local game. The challenging nature of raccoon hunting—often conducted at night in dense forests and swamps—demanded a dog with exceptional stamina, a powerful nose, and determination to track through difficult terrain.

The name “Bluetick” derives from the breed’s distinctive coat pattern: dark blue ticking (small spots) on a white background, creating a mottled blue appearance. This pattern, inherited from the Grand Bleu de Gascogne, became a hallmark of the breed. The term “Coonhound” reflects their specialized purpose in hunting raccoons, though they were also used to track larger game, such as bear and boar.

A significant milestone in the Bluetick’s development occurred around 1900, when George Maupin, a prominent hunter and breeder from Tennessee, helped refine the modern Bluetick Coonhound. His breeding efforts emphasized cold-trailing abilities, allowing the dogs to follow older scent trails that other dogs might miss. This specialization set Blueticks apart from other coonhound varieties.

The breed’s development was closely tied to the culture and economy of the rural South. For many families, especially during the Great Depression, raccoon hunting was more than a sport—it was an essential source of income through the fur trade. Blueticks became indispensable working partners, helping hunters support their families during challenging times.

In 1946, Bluetick breeders separated their dogs from the English Coonhound designation to focus on maintaining the Bluetick’s distinctive traits, particularly its cold-trailing ability and unique hunting style. That same year, the breed received formal recognition from the United Kennel Club (UKC). The American Kennel Club (AKC), however, did not recognize the Bluetick Coonhound as a distinct breed until 2009.

Modern Blueticks retain their remarkable scenting abilities, enhanced by their long, drooping ears, which help channel scent particles toward their noses. They are also known for their distinctive bawling bark—a loud, musical bay that allows hunters to follow their location during night hunts. Their exceptional noses enable them to follow scent trails several days old and work effectively across various weather conditions.

The Bluetick has also made its mark on American culture. In 1953, the breed gained national attention when Smokey, a Bluetick Coonhound, became the mascot for the University of Tennessee. This tradition continues with Smokey X, making the Bluetick one of the few hunting breeds to serve as a major college mascot.

While Blueticks excel in their traditional hunting roles, they have adapted to modern life as well. Their strong hunting instincts make them popular in hunting trials and scent work competitions, but they have also proven to be loyal companion dogs for experienced handlers who understand their high exercise needs and strong tracking drive. Additionally, their powerful noses have found new purposes in search and rescue and scent detection work, ensuring their relevance in today’s world.

The Bluetick Coonhound represents a uniquely American creation, shaped by the specific needs and conditions of the American South. Their history reflects the cultural and economic landscape of rural America, particularly in the Southeast. From helping families during the Depression to becoming iconic loved university mascots,



Physical Characteristics

The Bluetick Coonhound is a medium to large-sized breed, bred for tracking and hunting. Their strong, athletic build enables them to work long hours in the field with remarkable endurance:

  • Males typically stand between 22 to 27 inches (56–69 cm) tall at the shoulder and weigh between 55 to 80 pounds (25–36 kg).
  • Females are slightly smaller, standing 21 to 25 inches (53–64 cm) and weighing 45 to 65 pounds (20–29 kg).

Their size provides both agility and strength, essential for trailing game over long distances and through challenging terrains.

The Bluetick Coonhound is named for its distinctive coat pattern, which is characterized by ticking (spots or freckles of color) over a darker background.

  • Texture: The coat is short, dense, and sleek, lying close to the body. It’s designed to protect them from harsh elements while hunting and requires minimal grooming.
  • Color: The breed’s coat is primarily blue-ticked — a mottled pattern of black and white hairs that gives a bluish appearance. This ticking is complemented by black patches, typically on the back, ears, and sides. Tan markings appear over the eyes, on the cheeks, chest, and lower legs. These colorations are striking and unique to the breed.

The Bluetick’s coat is designed for functionality in rough outdoor environments, with minimal shedding.

Several features distinguish the Bluetick Coonhound:

  • Head and Expression: They have a broad, slightly domed head with a strong, square muzzle. Their dark brown eyes are typically expressive and convey intelligence and alertness.
  • Ears: Their long, low-set ears hang down close to the cheeks, helping trap scent particles as they track.
  • Body and Build: Blueticks are muscular and well-balanced, with a deep chest and strong legs designed for stamina and endurance. Their legs are straight and sturdy, allowing them to cover ground efficiently when trailing game.
  • Tail: Their tail is long and tapered, carried in a slight upward curve, providing balance when moving through dense terrain.

Their overall appearance reflects their purpose as a breed developed for hunting, with a powerful yet graceful build.



Temperament and Behavior

The Bluetick Coonhound is highly intelligent and independent, traits that serve them well in the field but can present challenges in training.

  • Trainability: While intelligent, Blueticks can be stubborn and single-minded, especially when following a scent. They are capable of learning commands but may be slower to obey if distracted by an interesting trail. Consistent, positive reinforcement works best with this breed, along with early training that emphasizes basic obedience and recall commands.
  • Scent-Driven: Like most hounds, Blueticks are driven by their nose. They are excellent trackers, often single-minded when they catch a scent, which means leash training and recall are essential, as they are prone to wandering off in pursuit of a trail.

 

Blueticks are high-energy dogs, bred to work long hours without tiring. They thrive in active households and need regular exercise to stay happy and healthy.

  • Exercise Requirements: They need at least 60 to 90 minutes of exercise per day, including long walks, runs, or vigorous play sessions. They particularly enjoy activities that engage their scenting abilities, like tracking games or long hikes where they can explore their environment.
  • Playfulness: Despite their working background, Blueticks can be playful and affectionate with their families. They enjoy interactive games and are often up for a game of fetch or tug-of-war when not on the hunt.

Without enough physical and mental stimulation, they may become bored, which can lead to destructive behaviors, such as chewing or excessive barking.

The Bluetick Coonhound is known for being loyal and affectionate, especially with its family. While they are naturally independent due to their hunting background, they form strong bonds with their owners and are eager to please in a home environment.

  • Loyalty: Blueticks are deeply devoted to their families and can be protective. Though not typically aggressive, they may alert their owners to strangers or unusual situations with their distinctive baying.
  • Affectionate Nature: They are generally good with children and can be gentle and tolerant, though their high energy levels may make them better suited to homes with older children who can handle their enthusiasm. Early socialization helps ensure they are calm and friendly around all family members and other pets.

While friendly, Blueticks can be reserved with strangers, a trait that can be managed with proper socialization.



Caring and Grooming

The Bluetick Coonhound’s coat is low-maintenance, designed for functionality in rugged environments.

  • Brushing: They require weekly brushing to remove loose hair and maintain the coat’s sleek appearance. A rubber curry brush or grooming mitt is effective for removing dead hair and keeping the coat in good condition.
  • Bathing: Blueticks only need to be bathed every few months or when they get particularly dirty. Their coat naturally repels dirt, but regular bathing can help maintain a clean appearance.
  • Ears and Wrinkles: Due to their long ears, Blueticks are prone to ear infections, so regular cleaning is necessary to prevent buildup of dirt and moisture. Wiping down their facial wrinkles can also prevent skin infections.

Routine nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental care are essential for overall health, especially for a breed that spends a lot of time outdoors.

The Bluetick Coonhound is a high-energy breed that requires daily exercise to maintain their health and happiness. Without enough activity, they may become restless and prone to unwanted behaviors.

  • 60 to 90 minutes of daily exercise is recommended, which can include long walks, hikes, or play sessions in a securely fenced yard. They excel in activities like scent work, tracking games, and hunting trials that engage their natural instincts.
  • Mental stimulation is also important, so puzzle toys or advanced training exercises can help keep their sharp minds engaged.

The Bluetick Coonhound requires a balanced diet to support their active lifestyle. They typically need 2.5 to 3.5 cups of high-quality dog food per day, divided into two meals. The amount of food depends on their age, size, and activity level.

  • A diet rich in lean proteins supports muscle development, while healthy fats provide the energy needed for their endurance activities.
  • It’s important to monitor their weight, as Blueticks can be prone to obesity if not given enough exercise or if overfed. Maintaining a healthy weight helps prevent joint problems and other health issues common in active breeds.



Ideal Living Environment

The Bluetick Coonhound is best suited for homes with plenty of space to roam and exercise. They thrive in rural or suburban environments where they have access to large yards or open areas to explore.

Secure fencing is essential, as Blueticks have a strong prey drive and are likely to wander off if they catch an intriguing scent.
While they can adapt to urban living, they are not ideal for apartments due to their high energy levels and tendency to bay loudly when excited or tracking.

Blueticks are adaptable to a range of climates:

Their short coat allows them to tolerate warm weather, but care should be taken to avoid overheating during hot weather, with access to shade and water at all times.

In cold climates, their dense coat provides some protection, but they may need additional layers during extreme cold if spending extended time outdoors.

Bluetick Coonhounds can live peacefully with other dogs, particularly if they are introduced at a young age. However, their strong hunting instincts mean they may not be suitable for homes with smaller pets, such as cats or rodents, unless they are closely supervised. Early socialization and training can help minimize any issues, but owners should always be mindful of their Bluetick’s natural prey drive.



Life Stages

Bluetick Coonhound puppies are full of energy and curiosity. Early socialization and training are crucial to help them grow into well-mannered adults. Basic obedience training should focus on recall, leash training, and curbing their natural independence.

In adulthood (around 1.5 to 6 years), Bluetick Coonhounds are at their physical and mental peak. They need consistent exercise and mental challenges to stay healthy and content. This is the stage where they excel in working roles, such as hunting, tracking, or agility competitions.

Their loyalty and affectionate nature make them excellent family companions during this stage.

As Bluetick Coonhounds age (around 7 years and older), their energy levels may decrease, but they still require regular exercise to maintain joint health and prevent weight gain. A senior-specific diet with joint supplements can help support their aging bodies, especially as they become more prone to arthritis or mobility issues.



Health

The Bluetick Coonhound is generally a healthy breed with a life expectancy of 11 to 12 years, but they are prone to certain health conditions:

  • Hip Dysplasia: A genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t fit properly into the socket, leading to arthritis and discomfort.
  • Ear Infections: Due to their long ears, Blueticks are prone to ear infections if not regularly cleaned.
  • Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus): A life-threatening condition in large breeds where the stomach fills with gas and can twist, requiring immediate veterinary attention.

Owners should be aware of potential health issues:

Lameness or difficulty moving (indicating potential hip dysplasia).
Shaking the head or frequent scratching (signs of ear infections).
Distended abdomen and restlessness after eating (possible signs of bloat).

Routine veterinary check-ups, hip evaluations, and ear cleaning are essential for catching health issues early. Maintaining a healthy weight and providing joint supplements can help reduce the risk of obesity-related issues.

Close-up of a Bluetick Coonhound with a striking black, tan, and blue mottled coat

Bringing home a Bluetick Coonhound puppy is an adventure in itself — these puppies are curious, energetic, and eager to explore the world around them. Here’s how to prepare for your new scent-driven companion:

  • Exercise and play: Bluetick puppies are full of energy, and they need plenty of exercise to keep them happy. Daily walks, playtime, and mentally stimulating activities are a must. Since they were bred for long nights of hunting, they’ll need a way to burn off that energy.
  • Training and socialization: Like many hounds, Blueticks can be independent and strong-willed, especially when they catch a scent. Early training and socialization are important to help them learn commands and recall. Patience and consistency are key when training a Bluetick — their noses will often lead them astray, so positive reinforcement is a must.
  • Secure your yard: Blueticks are natural-born hunters, and if they catch a scent, they may try to follow it. A securely fenced yard is essential to keep them safe, as their tracking instinct is strong and may lead them to wander.
  • Scent work and mental stimulation: These dogs have powerful noses and love using them. Incorporating scent work games, like hide-and-seek with treats or toys, will keep them mentally engaged and happy.
  • Grooming needs: Blueticks have short, dense coats that are relatively low-maintenance. Weekly brushing will help keep their coat healthy, and regular ear cleaning is important, especially since their long ears can trap moisture and lead to infections.

The Bluetick Coonhound is happiest when it’s working, and they thrive in activities that engage their tracking abilities and natural stamina. Here are a few activities where Blueticks excel:

  • Coonhound field trials: These competitions are tailor-made for Blueticks, allowing them to show off their impressive tracking and hunting skills. In these trials, Blueticks follow a scent trail, “tree” the quarry, and alert their handler with their signature bawl.
  • Hiking and outdoor adventures: Blueticks love exploring the great outdoors, and their endurance makes them great hiking companions. They’ll happily follow you on long walks or hikes, enjoying the new sights and scents along the way.
  • Scent work and tracking games: Keep your Bluetick mentally engaged with scent-based games and activities. Hide treats or toys around the house or yard and let them use their nose to find them. They’ll love the challenge, and it’s a great way to tap into their natural abilities.
  • Obedience and rally: While Blueticks are known for their independent streak, they can do well in obedience and rally trials with the right training. These activities help strengthen their bond with their handler and provide a mental workout.

Because of their high energy levels and strong hunting instincts, Bluetick Coonhounds can sometimes end up in rescues, especially if their owners aren’t fully prepared for their needs. However, adopting a Bluetick can be an incredibly rewarding experience, particularly for active families who understand the breed’s requirements.

There are several Coonhound-specific rescues that work to find homes for Bluetick Coonhounds in need. If you’re considering adoption, be ready for a dog that’s full of energy, intelligence, and loyalty — and who’ll love spending time with you outdoors.

Fun Facts about Bluetick Coonhounds

  • Famous roots: Bluetick Coonhounds are the state dog of Tennessee and are even the mascot for the University of Tennessee — meet Smokey, the Bluetick who cheers on the Vols at every game!

  • A slower tracker: Unlike some other hounds, Blueticks were bred to track more slowly and methodically, allowing hunters to follow them more easily through the woods.

  • Night owl: Blueticks were bred for night hunting, which is why they have such strong stamina and focus — they’re built for long hours under the stars.

Common Myths about Bluetick Coonhounds

Myth 1: Bluetick Coonhounds are too stubborn to train.
While Blueticks are independent and driven by their noses, they are also intelligent and can be trained with consistency and positive reinforcement. They do best when they have clear guidance and plenty of mental stimulation.

Myth 2: Bluetick Coonhounds are only good for hunting.
Not true! While Blueticks excel at hunting, they are also great family companions. They are affectionate, loyal, and love being part of a family, especially in active households.

Conclusion

The Bluetick Coonhound is a breed that blends incredible tracking skills with a friendly, laid-back personality. Whether they’re out in the woods tracking a scent or curled up with their family after a long day, Blueticks are loyal, hardworking, and full of character. If you’re looking for a dog that’s both an adventurer and a loving companion, the Bluetick Coonhound might just be the perfect fit for you.

Having seen these dogs in action, it’s clear that the Bluetick Coonhound is a breed with heart, determination, and plenty of love to give. Whether you’re a hunter or simply an outdoor enthusiast, this breed will quickly become your most loyal partner in both work and play.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Scroll to Top