
Quick Facts
History and Origin
In the bustling ports of the Mediterranean during the 13th century, sailors discovered something rather amazing: small white dogs that made excellent companions at sea. These dogs, ancestors of today’s Bichon Frise, began a remarkable journey through history, transitioning from trading vessels to royal courts, palace life, and street performances, before finding their way into modern homes around the world.
The earliest documented evidence points to two specific breeds as the Bichon’s ancestors: the Water Spaniel and the Barbet. These water-loving dogs contributed traits still visible in today’s Bichon—the curly coat, sturdy constitution, and amiable temperament. While some enthusiasts suggest earlier origins, reliable historical records place these small white dogs aboard Italian and Spanish trading vessels, particularly around the Canary Islands.
Tenerife, the largest of the Canary Islands, plays a pivotal role in the breed’s early history. These dogs became so numerous on the island that they were initially known as “Bichon Tenerife.” Historical records reveal that their time on Tenerife helped refine their distinctive characteristics. This association was so strong that even centuries later, naturalists and dog historians would refer to this period as crucial in the breed’s development.
The Bichon Frise’s journey from seafaring companion to aristocratic favorite aligns with its known history. Italian sailors are credited with introducing the breed to Europe, where its charm won over the nobility during the Renaissance. Specific courts, like those of Spain, France, and Italy
The French royal court, in particular, embraced these dogs with enthusiasm. Francis I (1515-1547) became so enamored with them that he sparked a Bichon craze among the nobility. Court records and paintings from this period depict Bichons alongside their aristocratic owners, often adorned with ribbons and pampered in ways that would have astonished their seafaring ancestors.
The French Revolution brought a dramatic shift in the breed’s fortunes. Suddenly, association with the nobility became a dangerous liability. Yet, the Bichon proved its adaptability, transitioning from pampered palace residents to street performers’ companions. Their cheerful temperament and intelligence made them ideal for entertaining crowds, performing tricks, and charming audiences to earn their keep.
The late 19th century marked another turning point in the breed’s history. French breeders, recognizing the unique qualities of these resilient dogs, began standardizing the breed. This effort culminated in 1933, when the Société Centrale Canine officially adopted the name “Bichon Frise” (referring to their curly coat, or frisé).
The breed’s modern chapter began in earnest after World War I. A few dedicated French breeders, most notably Madame Abadie of Steren Vor kennels, worked to establish the consistent type we see today. The first official breed standard, written in 1934, described the modern Bichon as small but sturdy, with its signature powder-puff appearance and merry temperament.
The breed’s journey to America began in 1956, when Mr. and Mrs. Francois Picault brought the first pair to the United States. By 1972, the American Kennel Club (AKC) granted full recognition, and the Bichon quickly gained popularity as a beloved companion dog in the U.S.
Today’s the Bichon remains remarkably true to the descriptions found in early French court records—small, white, cheerful, and charming. Modern breeding programs focus on maintaining these characteristics while addressing health concerns, preserving a breed that has adapted from sea voyages to palace life to street performances.

Francisco de Goya’s The White Duchess (1795) portrays María Cayetana de Silva, the Duchess of Alba, dressed elegantly in white, with her small white dog, likely a Bichon, by her side. Bichons were popular among European aristocracy, symbolizing luxury and companionship. Their inclusion in noble portraits, like this one, highlighted the owner’s refined status and love for these cheerful lapdogs.

Fun Facts about Bichon Frises
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Hypoallergenic heroes: Bichon Frises are often considered hypoallergenic due to their curly, low-shedding coats, making them a great choice for people with mild allergies.
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The ultimate performers: Bichons were once used as circus dogs, thanks to their intelligence and natural ability to perform tricks.
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A royal connection: Bichons were a favorite among French royalty, often seen in the courts of kings and queens during the Renaissance.
Common Myths about Bichon Frises
Myth 1: Bichon Frises are too delicate for families with kids.
Not true! While they may be small, Bichons are sturdy and resilient. They love playing with kids and are great family companions, as long as the children are taught to be gentle with their small size.
Myth 2: Bichon Frises are high-maintenance divas.
While they do require regular grooming, Bichons are not high-maintenance when it comes to their personality. They’re easygoing, adaptable, and love being around their humans. Their grooming needs can be managed with regular brushing and trips to the groomer.
Conclusion
The Bichon Frise is a breed that brings endless joy and companionship into any home. Whether they’re showing off their tricks, cuddling on the couch, or prancing around with their signature bounce, Bichons are always ready to make you smile. If you’re looking for a dog that’s equal parts playful, affectionate, and intelligent, the Bichon Frise might just be the perfect match for you.
Having seen these little charmers in action, I can confidently say that the Bichon Frise is a breed that wins hearts wherever it goes. If you’re ready for a loyal companion that loves to entertain and be entertained, the Bichon Frise will quickly become your new best friend.